geography is the study of earth, its people, and the connections between both of those things. its not the same as geology, which is the study of rocks and natural science, both on earth and in space. geography can be physical, or it can be political.
canada shares a small border with greenland (territory controlled by denmark) in the baffin bay. this is because of the "whisky war", which involved a canadian first coming to the island and leaving a bottle of whisky and a canadian flag, followed by a dane leaving another bottle of whisky and a danish flag. this began in the 1980s and wasnt fully resolved until 2022, when a land border was created between the two.
drummully is a squiggly part of the border between republic or ireland and northern ireland (uk). couldnt find much on the origin of this one, appears to have been the result of some irish kings and their conflicts.
theres a village split in two in benelux (baarle-hertog in belgium, baarle-nassau in the netherlands).
theres a piece of the uae inside a piece of oman inside of uae. dont worry, later border anomalies do get even more confusing. this one originated due to the surrounding madha declaring allegiance to oman, but not the town it surrounds, nahwa. this continued until the 1960s, when the borders were finalised.